二、代词的语法特点 Grammatical features (一)一般都不能重叠。 Personal pronouns cannot be reduplicated. (二)人称代词前边一般不能受别类词修饰。 Personal pronouns cannot take words of other of speech as pre- positioned modifiers. (三)部分人称代词有复数形式。 Some personal pronouns have plural forms.
代词的定义和种类Definition and types of pronouns代替名词、动词、形容词、数词或副词的词叫代词。代词可以分成三类。A pronoun is a word which can take the place of a noun, a verb, an adjective, a numeral or an adverb. Pronouns can be divided into three kinds.(一)人称代词Personal pronouns代替人或事物的代词叫人称代词。例如:A pronoun which refers to persons or things is called a personal pronoun. Here are some examples: 单数Singular 复数Plural 我 我们 咱们 …
一、代词的定义和种类 二、代词的语法特点 三、代词的用途 四、使用代词时需要注意的几个问题
一、量词的定义Definition表示计算单位的词叫量词。量词可以分成两类:Words indicating counting units are called measure words. There are two kinds of them;(一)名量词Nominal measure words表示人、事物单位的词叫名量词。例如:Nominal measure words are those indicating units of persons or things, such as:度量衡单位:Measure units:厘米 公尺(米) 克 公斤 吨货币单位:Monetary units:元(块) 角(毛)分时间单位:Time units:点 分 秒 刻个体单位:Individual units:个 条 辆 本 支集体单位:Mass units:对 双 副 套 批不定量单位:Indefinite units:点 些复合单位:Compound units:人次 架次(二)动量词Verbal measure words表示动作单位的词叫动量词。例如:Verbal …
四、使用量词时需要注意的几个问题 Points that merit special attention (一)关于名量词 Nominal measure words 汉语里有丰富的量词。很多事物都可以计量,而且都有自己特 定的量词,不能乱用。因此需要记住每个量词的用法,这是外国人 学习汉语时不可忽视的。In Chinese, there are a large number of measure words. Everything can be “measured” and that measure is represented by a specific measure word. Therefore it is imperative for foreign learners of Chinese to learn every noun with its matching measure word.现将常用的量词和名词的搭配情况举例如下:Here is …
三、量词的用途 Functions (一)量词不能单独做句子成分。 Measure words can not serve as sentence elements by themselves. (二)量词总是跟在数词或指示代词后边结合成数量词组等充 当句子成分。例如: Measure words are always preceded by numerals or demonstrative pronouns (Such combinations are called numeral measure word phrases. ) to function as sentence elements. For example: 他买了一个杯子。 (做定语) ( as an attributive) 我得去一趟。 (做补语) ( as a complement)黄教授一次讲不完。 (做状语) ( …
二、量词的语法特点Grammatical features(一),量词不能单独充当句子成分;单音节量词重叠后可以做主语或定语、状语。例如:Measure words can not serve as sentence element in isolation. Reduplicated monosyllabic measure words can act as subject, attributive and adverbial. For example:个个都是优秀运动员。(主语)条条道路都能到北京天安门。(定语)他们次次都能成功。(状语)(二)量词要用在数词或指示代词后面。例如:Measure words are used after numerals or demonstrative pronouns. For example:一个一条一次三张四项五米七下儿这个这条这把这趟那件那支那双那回(三)量词可以重叠。Measure words can be used reduplicatively.单音量词一般可以重叠,有“每”的意思。例如:The reduplication of monosyllabic measure words has the meaning of “every”. For example:件件(每件)次次(每次)个个(每个)条条(每条)张张(每张)
一、量词的定义二、量词的语法特点三、量词的用途四、使用量词时需要注意的几个问题
四、使用数词时需要注意的一些问题 Points that merit special attention (一)称数法 Enumeration 1.一百以下的数目,汉语里用“十进位法”表示。 In Chinese, the decimal system is used for counting numbers below one hundred.(1) 1~10 是:One to ten:一(1)二(2)三(3)四(4)五(5)六(6)七(7)八(8)九(9)十(10)(2) 11~19 是:“十”加后面的个位数字。即:The numbers from eleven to nineteen are formed by adding before the units. Here are they:十一(11)十二(12)十三(13)十四(14)十五(15)十六(16)十七(17)十八(18)十九(19)(3)“20~90” 中个位数是“0”的,一律按“十位数的数字”加“十”的格式来表示。例如:The tens are formed by adding + after the digit of the …
三、数词的用途 Functions (一)做主语。 As a subject. 九是三的三倍。 二等于四的二分之一。 (二)做宾语。 As an object. 这是十。 十的一半是五。 三三得九。 (三)做定语。 As an attributive. 他有一本中文书。 十的五分之一是二。 三的五倍是十五。 (四)做谓语。 As a predicate. 三七二十一。 五八四十。
